Cervical cancer remains an important health problem worldwide. Poor tumor oxygenation (hypoxia) is associated with inferior survival in cervical cancer and resistance to radiation treatment. Hypoxia-modifying therapies improve survival, but existing therapies are impractical and/or toxic. Metformin, a non-toxic drug for diabetes, has been shown to decrease tumor hypoxia in animal studies and its use is associated with better survival in diabetic cancer patients. It is hypothesized that metformin may decrease cervical tumor hypoxia and thereby improve tumor response to radiation and survival in patients with locally advanced cervix cancer. This is a randomized, multicenter phase II study of standard chemoradiation in combination with metformin versus standard chemoradiation alone in women with locally advanced cervix cancer. Women randomized to the metformin group will take metformin starting 1 week prior to standard chemoradiation and throughout the duration of external radiation treatment. Tumor hypoxia will be measured by a special X-ray test called positron emission test (PET) performed with a hypoxia dye called FAZA. The main purpose of this study is to see if metformin decreases tumor hypoxia measured on FAZA-PET; information about response and side effects will also be collected.

Investigators will conduct a randomized trial to determine if providing patient-specific life expectancy estimates during treatment counseling via a targeted, patient-centered communication approach improves shared decision making and reduces rates of overtreatment of genitourinary malignancies.

In this study, the investigators will compare the clinical outcomes of the natural orifice specimen extraction surgery versus traditional robotic-assisted surgery in the treatment of colorectal cancer.

Six female patients (>18 years of age, pre-menopausal) who have had loco-regional (lumpectomy and radiation) therapy for breast carcinoma and have been at least one-year disease free will undergo liposuction, the autologous SVF cell fraction will be isolated and labeled with CS-1000 in the operating room without entering cell culture, which will then be returned to the patient at the site of breast grafting. Patients will receive a pre-screening MRI . Patients will have an MRI scans over a period of 1 month at Johns Hopkins. Follow-up MRIs at 6,12, and 18 months will also be performed. Only at Johns Hopkins with fluorine being done as part of this investigational study. By performing fluorine MRI and quantification of 19F signal, we hypothesize that the engraftment of transplanted cells can be tracked in ways not possible before, using the total fluorine signal as surrogate marker for cell persistence and survival. We expect that a clinically successful outcome (maintenance of breast contour and volume) will be positively correlated with cell survival. The outcome of this study may pave the way for using 19F MRI cell tracking as a new tool for stem cell therapy in a variety of clinical applications.

While current guidelines call for annual follow-up for patients with a history of basal cell carcinoma, compliance with these guidelines is imperfect. It is hypothesized that if patients are informed of the quantitative risk of a subsequent basal cell carcinoma based on individualized risk factors, the compliance rate for follow-up will improve. The primary objective of this study is to assess one-year compliance with requested follow-up for patients with recent history of basal cell carcinoma, among those who receive standard sun avoidance counseling and request for follow-up compared to those who receive, in addition, an estimate of their mathematical risk of a subsequent basal cell carcinoma based on individualized risk factors.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of atezolizumab plus tiragolumab in combination with paclitaxel and cisplatin (PC) compared with atezolizumab matching placebo plus tiragolumab matching placebo plus PC as first-line treatment in participants with unresectable locally advanced, unresectable recurrent, or metastatic esophageal carcinoma (EC). Participants will be randomized in a 1:1 ratio to receive one of the following treatment regimens during induction phase:- Arm A: Atezolizumab plus Tiragolumab and PC Arm B: Atezolizumab placebo plus Tiragolumab placebo and PC Following the induction phase, participants will continue maintenance therapy with either atezolizumab plus tiragolumab (Arm A) or atezolizumab matching placebo plus tiragolumab matching placebo (Arm B).

Falls are common and catastrophic in cancer patients. Cancer patients are vulnerable to falls due to muscle loss. In prescribing exercise in a data driven manner to cancer patients our hypothesis is this "prescription" for exercise will reduce the occurrence of injurious falls.

This study is designed to investigate whether adjuvant radiochemotherapy after incomplete resection has a better survival than adjuvant radiotherapy for thymoma or thymic carcinoma.

This is a randomized controlled trial comparing the impact of Geriatric-Oncology-Supportive Clinic (GOSC) on quality of life in older adult with newly diagnosed cancer undergoing cancer related treatment.

Through multicenter, open-label, randomised clinical trials, we intend to demonstrate that radiotherapy with reduced dose could significantly reduce the incidence of radiotherapy toxicities, improve the quality of life of patients while ensuring the tumor control rates for NPC patients staged as II-III who are sensitive to induction chemotherapy (imaging evaluation of CR/PR and EBV DNA copy number decreased to 0 copies/mL after induction chemotherapy)